• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to an electrical resistivity sensing method and an apparatus thereof, and to provide a borehole electrical resistivity sensing method and a device of various angles that can freely perform horizontal and upward sensing as well as downward. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an electrical resistivity probe for determining the electrical resistivity distribution of the tunnel by sending a current through a pair of electrodes to the borehole of the tunnel and measuring its potential difference, the borehole drilled in the tunnel. It is inserted into the inside, the water is accommodated inside the hollow pipe formed with a plurality of water outlet holes at predetermined intervals; A water supply pump supplying water into the pipe; A rubber tube installed around the water outlet so as to capture water flowing out of the water outlet and be expanded by the collected water; An electrode installed on the outer surface of the rubber tube so as to be in contact with the water leaked out through the water outlet, and in contact with the medium of the borehole inner wall by expansion of the rubber tube; A coil connecting the electrodes to each other in the circumferential direction of the pipe; An electric wire cable connecting the coils to each other in the longitudinal direction of the pipe; And an electrical resistivity probe which receives the potential value measured through the wire cable and finds the electrical resistivity distribution of the tunnel.
    公开号:KR20000043021A
    申请号:KR1019980059323
    申请日:1998-12-28
    公开日:2000-07-15
    发明作者:황학；추석연；김동현
    申请人:신승교；엘지건설 주식회사；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Electrical resistivity exploration method for boreholes at various angles and device
    The present invention relates to an electrical resistivity sensing method and an apparatus thereof, and more particularly, to a borehole electrical resistivity sensing method of various angles capable of freely performing horizontal and upward sensing as well as downward in grounding of an electrode and a medium. Relates to a device.
    In general, the investigation and testing period of the tunnel is carried out according to the purpose from the route planning stage to the construction stage. The purpose of the investigation and testing is to obtain basic data necessary for constructing the tunnel safely and economically. There is. Based on the collected data, excavation methods, ground patterns, air, and construction costs appropriate to the ground conditions are determined. Since surveys and facilities have a significant impact on the location, design, construction and maintenance after completion of the tunnel, sufficient basic data should be obtained.
    Existing data surveys, surface geological surveys, field trips, facility tunnel surveys, drilling surveys, and physical survey surveys are required. In the above-mentioned investigation, the drilling investigation acquires all the data such as the ground condition, the thickness of the ground, the depth layer, the ground structure, and conducts the field test such as the sample presentation, permeation test, and local stress for the indoor test. Is to execute.
    In principle, drilling should be carried out vertically, but inclined or horizontal drilling may be carried out to obtain the maximum ground information in consideration of the research purpose and site conditions. Inclined drilling is carried out to check the joints, faults and co-distributions developed in the bedrock, or when anchors are installed on the soil or bedrock. In the case of boreholes, when the terrain is rugged and the depth of drilling is obtained considerably, drill at both entrances and exits of the tunnel, and perform horizontal drilling during construction.
    If you rely only on the above-mentioned time axis, you can make a mistake by extrapolating the area of the space between boreholes. If sufficient drilling work is not possible due to the rugged mountainous terrain, cope with physical exploration methods such as electrical resistivity exploration. Physical exploration is generally conducted at the surface, but can be carried out in boreholes to obtain more accurate data. Physical exploration techniques to obtain ground information must be reviewed for site adaptability. Geophysical exploration in soil survey is not limited in application methods such as gravity exploration, magnetic exploration, electrical exploration, seismic exploration, etc. However, seismic exploration and electric exploration are widely used. In particular, the acoustic wave refraction method and the electrical resistivity method are widely used.
    The electrical resistivity survey described above flows a current through the ground through a pair of grounded electrical electrodes, measures the potential difference between the pair of potential electrodes, and makes a resistivity cross-section using an analysis program by computer to distribute the electrical resistivity of the underground medium. This method is the most widely used method for groundwater exploration in Korea because the exploration method is simple. Because the ratio of resistivity is very large at the contact between the topsoil and the bedrock, electrical resistivity exploration can identify the boundary between the bedrock and the topsoil layer. Depth of field depends essentially on the depth at which current can pass through the ground, but typically 500 m is considered the limit of economic depth of detection. Electrical resistivity exploration has been used most frequently in domestic groundwater exploration, and the success rate of generation generation detection is known to be quite high. In the case of granite or sedimentary rocks, which are a large part of the domestic geological mass, the supply rate and permeability are low, so the stratification structure such as sandstone layer is rarely the coefficient layer, and the generation of sedimentary rocks in the sedimentary rocks plays an important role. Granite and metamorphic rocks, which form the bedrock of domestic geology, all belong to a high resistivity region, while weathering zones and soil layers show lower resistivity. The arrangement of the electrodes can be set according to the purpose of the exploration, and the distance between the electrodes can be appropriately selected according to the depth of the ground and the arrangement of the electrodes to be explored. The maximum electrode spacing depends on the exploration purpose and depth. The development of the electrodes should be at right angles to the expected geological structure, except in cases where work is not possible. The measurement is performed by plotting the measured values on the positive gap curve and re-specifying the electrodes as soon as the value deemed ideal is obtained. The exploration results are summarized in the measurement layout and, in principle, a resistivity equivalent diagram is created according to the analysis results. For vertical exploration, the apparent electrical resistivity curve and for dipole array electrical resistivity exploration, create the apparent electrical resistivity cutaway.
    Since the actual underground structure is composed of several types of rocks including geological structures such as strata, crushing zones and monolayers, rather than a homogeneous space, the electrical resistivity values obtained from the resistivity survey there are complex of underground structures in the current path. It is not a true electrical resistivity because it is manifested by influence. Thus we call it the apparent electrical resistivity in the sense of the visible value. This value contains information about the underground medium, but since the value itself is not the true resistance value of the underground characteristic location, nor is it the actual specific resistance value, the electrical resistivity distribution of the underground can be obtained only by proper analysis.
    When a constant current flows through the current electrodes C1 and C2 to the underground medium with a uniform electrical resistivity, the current flows from C1 to C2 through the current path. At this time, the equipotential line is formed to have the potential of the value trapped perpendicular to the current path to the ground line. An electrometer is provided between the potential electrodes P1 and P2 on the ground to measure the difference between the equipotential lines, ie, the potential difference, between the two electrodes. By using the position of the current electrode and the potential electrode, the amount of current flowed and the measured potential difference, the exact abrasion resistance value of the homogeneous underground medium can be known. However, when materials with different electrical resistivities are present underground, current flows more toward materials with lower electrical resistivity, resulting in deformation of equipotential lines perpendicular to the current path and also affecting the potential difference measured at the ground surface. From this, the apparent resistivity, which contains information about the electrical ideal zone of the underground medium, can be obtained using the potential difference measured on the ground surface. Therefore, the electrical resistivity survey is intended to find the electrical resistivity ideal band that may be caused by factors such as crushing zones, cracks, and groundwater by measuring a potential difference after flowing a constant current in the basement.
    1 is a configuration diagram showing a conventional electrical resistivity probe. As shown in FIG. 1, after installing the wire cable 14 having the electrode 12 installed in the borehole 10, the electric resistance can be found by measuring the potential difference of the underground medium by filling with water.
    Since the conventional electrical resistivity probe has a structure in which water used as a contact means of an electrode and a medium is immediately received in a borehole, horizontal and upward exploration cannot be realized due to the nature of water.
    Recently, a method of filling cement instead of water has been proposed to solve this problem, but it is not only very difficult to work, but also the electrode is buried together with cement, which not only damages the electrode but also cement directly with the media of the borehole wall. There is a problem that the accuracy is poor because the contact structure.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a borehole electrical resistivity sensing method and apparatus of various angles capable of freely performing horizontal and upward exploration as well as downward.
    In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an electrical resistivity probe for determining the electrical resistivity distribution of the tunnel by sending a current through a pair of electrodes to the borehole of the tunnel and measuring its potential difference, the borehole drilled in the tunnel. It is inserted into the inside, the water is accommodated inside the hollow pipe formed with a plurality of water outlet holes at predetermined intervals; A water supply pump supplying water into the pipe; A rubber tube installed around the water outlet so as to capture water flowing out from the water outlet and be expanded by the collected water; An electrode installed on the outer surface of the rubber tube so as to be in contact with the water leaked out through the water outlet, and in contact with the medium of the borehole inner wall by expansion of the rubber tube; A coil connecting the electrodes to each other in the circumferential direction of the pipe; An electric wire cable connecting the coils to each other in the longitudinal direction of the pipe; And an electrical resistivity probe that receives the potential value measured through the wire cable and finds an electrical resistivity distribution of the tunnel.
    In the above-described configuration, the water supply pump is preferably provided with a hydraulic pressure gauge to maintain a constant water pressure in the pipe.
    In the above-described configuration, the wire cable is made of a multi-core copper wire, each strand of the wire cable is preferably connected to the electrode sequentially.
    In the above configuration, it is preferable to maintain the water pressure inside the pipe at 1 to 2 kg / cm 2.
    1 is a block diagram showing a conventional electrical resistivity probe.
    2 is an overall perspective view of the electrical resistivity probe according to the present invention.
    3 is a perspective view showing a pipe of the electrical resistivity probe according to the present invention.
    4 and 5 are cross-sectional views taken along line A-A of FIG. 3, showing rubber tube shrinkage / expansion, respectively.
    6 and 7 are cross-sectional views taken along the line B-B of Figure 3, showing the rubber tube shrinkage / expansion, respectively.
    8 is a flow chart showing an electrical resistivity exploration method of the present invention.
    ** Description of symbols for the main parts of the drawing **
    100: tunnel 110: borehole
    200: pipe 202: water outlet
    204: joint bolt 210: water supply pump
    212: hydraulic pressure gauge 220: rubber tube
    230: electrode 240: coil
    250: wire cable 260: electrical resistivity probe
    Hereinafter, the borehole electrical resistivity probe of various angles according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.
    2 is an overall perspective view showing an electrical resistivity probe according to the present invention, Figure 3 is a perspective view showing a pipe of the electrical resistivity probe according to the present invention, Figures 4 and 5 are AA cross-sectional view of FIG. 6 and 7 are cross-sectional views taken along line BB of FIG. 3, respectively, illustrating the rubber tube contracted / expanded.
    First, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the electrical resistivity probe of the present invention is inserted into the borehole 110 drilled in the tunnel 100, the water is received therein and a plurality of at a predetermined interval on the side A hollow pipe 200 having a water outlet hole 202 formed therein, a water supply pump 210 for supplying water into the pipe 200, and water flowing out of the water outlet hole 202 is collected. At the same time, the rubber tube 220 is installed around the water outlet of the pipe 200 so that it can be expanded by the collected water, and the water leaked out through the water outlet 202 on the outer surface of the rubber tube 220. It is installed to be in contact with the electrode, the electrode 230 in contact with the inner wall of the borehole 110 by the expansion of the rubber tube 220 and the coil connecting the electrode 230 to each other in the longitudinal direction of the pipe 200 ( 240 and the wire cable 250 connecting the coil 240 to the pipe 200 in a circumferential direction; Comprises a resistivity probe 260 to find out the resistivity distribution in the tunnel (100) receives the measured voltage value through the service wire cable group (250).
    Referring to the above-described components of the present invention in more detail with reference to Figures 4 to 7, first, the pipe 200 is made of a non-conductor that does not conduct electricity to the hollow member, consisting of a number of bodies to facilitate coupling / separation from each other It is configured to, the body of each pipe 200 is connected through a joint bolt 204. Here, a groove (not shown) through which the wire cable 250 penetrates is formed below the joint bolt 204. An end of the pipe 200 is closed to accommodate water, and is inserted into the borehole 110 bored at least 10 m at both ends of the tunnel 100. In addition, a water outlet hole 202 is formed at the side surface of the pipe 200 to allow water to flow out at predetermined intervals.
    The water supply pump 210 serves to supply water into the pipe 200, and is connected to an end at which the pipe 200 and the pipe 200 join. Here, it is preferable that a water pressure gauge 212 is installed at a position adjacent to the water supply pump 210 to measure and maintain a constant water pressure in the pipe 200. The water pressure inside the pipe 200 is preferably maintained at 1 to 2 kg / cm 2.
    Rubber tube 220 is a stretchable material surrounding the water outlet hole 202 of the pipe 200 in the circumferential direction of the pipe 200, the water supplied from the water supply pump 210 is a water outlet hole 210 If it escapes from), it expands and collects water. Here, the rubber tube 220 should be made of a material having sufficient strength to withstand water pressure, as well as good watertightness so that water does not leak.
    The electrode 230 is installed on the outer surface of the rubber tube 220 to be in contact with the medium of the inner wall of the borehole 110 when the rubber tube 220 is expanded, the rubber at a position corresponding to the water outlet hole 202 It is made to maintain some contact with the water in the tube 220 and is made of a stainless steel material. In other words, the electrode 230 is coupled to the assembly hole 222 formed in the rubber tube 220, a part of which is in contact with the water inside the rubber tube 220, the other part of the rubber tube 220 It is installed to be exposed. The number of the electrodes 230 is most preferably about four.
    The coil 240 serves to electrically connect the electrodes 230 to each other in the circumferential direction of the pipe 200, and is preferably formed of an elastic material so as not to break when the rubber tube 220 expands. .
    The wire cable 250 serves to reconnect the coil 240 connected in the circumferential direction of the pipe in the longitudinal direction of the pipe 200, and is formed of a multi-core copper wire, and each strand is sequentially formed in the electrode 230. Is connected to.
    The electrical resistivity probe 260 receives a potential value measured through the wire cable 250 and finds an electrical resistivity distribution of the tunnel 100.
    For reference, the current supply is a nation nature 500mA 1 exploration times the length of 200 meters, the tamdo is 0-70m, to the extent, the exploration range and 400㏀ to ~10 -2 Ω, the measurement time is typically 1.4 seconds, fixed, data The transfer allows 850 foods to be stored with coordinates and duration and uses PC transfer.
    Referring to the electrical resistivity exploration method according to the present invention configured as described above are as follows.
    8 is a flow chart showing the electrical resistivity exploration method of the present invention. As shown in Figure 8, first step (S300) in the process of drilling a borehole in the exploration target area of the tunnel to the borehole 10 meters or more at both ends of the tunnel and proceeds to the next step.
    In step S310, the disassembled pipe is assembled and installed inside the borehole. When the installation of the pipe is complete, proceed to the next step.
    In step S320, the water supply pump is operated to supply water into the pipe. The water is supplied into the pipe until a predetermined pressure is reached, and the process proceeds to the next step.
    In step S330, the water supplied through the water outlet formed on the side of the pipe is discharged, and the leaked water is collected in the rubber tube and at the same time, the rubber tube is expanded by the water. When the rubber tube is expanded to a predetermined state, it proceeds to the next step.
    In step S340, the electrode is in contact with the medium of the borehole inner wall while the distance between the electrode installed on the outside of the rubber tube and the medium of the borehole inner wall gradually narrows due to the expansion of the rubber tube. If the electrode contacts the media of the borehole inner wall, proceed to the next step.
    In step S350, when the water pressure in the pipe is kept constant, it indicates that the electrodes are in contact with all the media of the borehole inner wall. Therefore, the electrical resistivity distribution of the tunnel is based on the measured value measured by the electric resistivity probe while maintaining the water pressure constant. Find out.
    Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, which are merely exemplary, and various modifications and equivalent other embodiments are possible to those skilled in the art.
    As described above, the present invention is very easy to explore because it can be measured in the horizontal and ceiling, as well as below the tunnel.
    And, by configuring the electrode pipe into a plurality of bodies there is a convenience that can adjust the length and electrode spacing.
    In addition, there is no risk of damage to the equipment, and the economic effect is excellent.
    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [1" claim-type="Currently amended] Drilling a borehole in an area to be explored in the tunnel;
    Installing a hollow pipe inside the borehole;
    Supplying water to the inside of the pipe using a water supply pump;
    Distilling the water supplied through the water outlet formed on the side of the pipe, capturing the outflowed water into the tube and expanding the rubber tube by the water;
    Causing the electrode installed outside the rubber tube to contact the medium of the borehole inner wall due to the expansion of the tube; And
    A method for detecting electrical boreholes of various angles, comprising: determining the electrical resistivity distribution of the tunnel based on the measured value measured by the electrical resistivity probe while maintaining a constant water pressure in the pipe.
    [2" claim-type="Currently amended] In the electrical resistivity probe which sends a current to a borehole of a tunnel through a pair of electrodes, and measures the electric potential difference, and finds the electrical resistivity distribution of the tunnel,
    A hollow pipe inserted into a borehole drilled in the tunnel, the water being received therein, and a hollow pipe having a plurality of water outlet holes at predetermined intervals on a side thereof;
    A water supply pump supplying water into the pipe;
    A tube installed around the water outlet so as to capture water flowing out of the water outlet and be expanded by the collected water;
    An electrode installed on an outer surface of the tube to be in contact with the water discharged through the water outlet hole, the electrode being in contact with a medium of the borehole inner wall by expansion of the tube;
    A coil connecting the electrodes to each other in the circumferential direction of the pipe;
    An electric wire cable connecting the coils to each other in the longitudinal direction of the pipe; And
    Borehole electrical resistivity probe of various angles, characterized in that consisting of an electrical resistivity probe to find the electrical resistivity distribution of the tunnel by receiving the potential value measured through the wire cable.
    [3" claim-type="Currently amended] According to claim 2, The water supply pump is a borehole electrical resistivity exploration device of various angles, characterized in that the hydraulic pressure gauge is further provided to maintain a constant water pressure in the pipe.
    [4" claim-type="Currently amended] According to claim 2, wherein the wire cable is made of a multi-core copper wire, each strand of the wire cable is a borehole electrical resistivity probe of various angles, characterized in that connected to the electrode sequentially.
    [5" claim-type="Currently amended] According to claim 2, wherein the water pressure inside the pipe borehole electrical resistivity exploration device of various angles, characterized in that to maintain at 1 to 2kg / ㎠.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    1998-12-28|Application filed by 신승교, 엘지건설 주식회사
    1998-12-28|Priority to KR1019980059323A
    1998-12-28|Priority claimed from KR1019980059323A
    2000-07-15|Publication of KR20000043021A
    2001-03-02|Application granted
    2001-03-02|Publication of KR100284123B1
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    KR1019980059323A|KR100284123B1|1998-12-28|Electrical resistivity exploration method for boreholes at various angles and device|
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